Knowing The Word in Matthew 20:1-16

Laborers in the Vineyard

[This parable could also be known as the large-hearted, eccentric employer]

1 “For the kingdom of heaven is like a master of a house who went out early in the morning [6:00 am] to hire laborers for his vineyard. 2 After agreeing with the laborers for a denarius a day, he sent them into his vineyard. 3 And going out about the third hour [9:00 am] he saw others standing idle in the marketplace, 4 and to them he said, ‘You go into the vineyard too, and whatever is right I will give you.’ 5 So they went. Going out again about the sixth hour [noon] and the ninth hour [3:00 pm], he did the same. 6 And about the eleventh hour [5:00 pm] he went out and found others standing. And he said to them, ‘Why do you stand here idle all day?’ 7 They said to him, ‘Because no one has hired us.’ He said to them, ‘You go into the vineyard too.’ 8 And when evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, ‘Call the laborers and pay them their wages, beginning with the last, up to the first.’ 9 And when those hired about the eleventh hour came, each of them received a denarius. 10 Now when those hired first came, they thought they would receive more, but each of them also received a denarius. 11 And on receiving it they grumbled at the master of the house, 12 saying, ‘These last worked only one hour, and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden of the day and the scorching heat.’ 13 But he replied to one of them, ‘Friend, I am doing you no wrong. Did you not agree with me for a denarius? 14 Take what belongs to you and go. I choose to give to this last worker as I give to you. 15 Am I not allowed to do what I choose with what belongs to me? Or do you begrudge my generosity?’ 16 So the last will be first, and the first last [see 19:30].” [The essential point of this parable is that God is like this generous employer who goes looking for people who need salvation. His generosity transcends human ideas of fairness. No one receives less than they deserve and some receive far more. To whom is this parable addressed? First, like many parables, it is open-ended. Second, it is very much like the parable of the Prodigal Son. As it was aimed at the religious leaders, who objected to Jesus’ acceptance of tax collectors and sinners, the same may be the aim of this parable. Third, at a later date, it could be used for the acceptance of the Gentiles. Fourth, how about you? Do we identify more with the first workers or the last? Are we more law-driven or grace-driven in our thinking?]